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Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and microbiological pathogens associated with infective endocarditis (IE) in Chinese patients in a university hospital over a 10-year period.Methods We retrospectively evaluated 144 adult IE patients admitted to Peking University First Hospital from 2006 to 2015.Statistical analysis was performed to analyze data on demographics,clinical and laboratory findings,as well as microbiological pathogens.Results The mean age of the 144 patients was 46.6 years.The male to female ratio was 2.3.The most common underlying heart diseases were congenital heart disease (22.9％),followed by degenerative valvular disease (18.8％) and rheumatic heart disease (10.4％).The most common clinical manifestation was fever (91.7％),followed by cardiac murmur (90.3％) and anemia (76.4％).Mitral (40.3％) and aortic valves (39.6％) were most frequently affected.The right-sided IE cases were all found in patients with congenital heart disease.Positive blood culture was documented in 87 IE patients.Streptococcus viridans was the most common pathogen (55.2％,48 episodes),followed by Staphylococcus (24.1％,21 episodes).The prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus was 38.1％.Forty-eight (94.1％) of the 51 strains of Streptococcus spp.were susceptible to penicillin.Conclusions Congenital heart disease and degenerative valvular disease have overtaken rheumatic heart disease as the major underlying heart diseases associated with IE.Streptococcus viridans is still the most common pathogen ofIE in China.
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Objective To analyze the detection results and clinical significance of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA genotypes in the patients with condyloma acuminate (CA)and high risk (HR)population of CA and normal population of physical examination (PE).Methods 527 cases of CA patients (CA group),208 cases of HR (HR group)and 197 cases of normal PE (PE group)in the outpatient were selected.The human HPV DNA genotypes in 932 samples of different population were examined with HybriMax;the positive detection rates,the preponderance types of HPV and the multiple genotype infection in three groups were analyzed.Results The HPV positive rate in CA group was 98.29% and the preponderance types were HPV 6,11,33,and 52 genotypes.The HPV positive rate in HR group was 26.44% and the preponderance types were HPV 6,11,33,and 66 genotypes.The HPV positive rate in PE group was 5.58% and the preponderance types were HPV 6 and 11 genotypes.The difference in the positive detection rates of HPV between HR and PE groups had statistical significance (P < 0.05 ). The positive rates of multiple genotype infection in CA group and HR group were 36.43% and 5.77%,respectively,and there was significant difference (P < 0.01 ); the positive rate of double infection was the highest (18.41%), followed by the positive rate of triple heavy infection (11.20%) and the positive rate of septuple heavy infection (0.38%).Conclusion The HPV 6 and HPV 11 of low-risk HPV genotypes are the most common genotypes in different population. The HR group and PE group are all asymptomatic but the positive detection rate of HPV in HR group is higher than that in PE group. The positive rate of HPV multiple genotypes infection in CA group is higher than that in HR group,and the double infection or triple heavy infection are the most common infection.
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PURPOSE: Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are both known to relate to cancer progression. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Shh signaling and EMT in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cell proliferation was assayed in RCC cell lines in the presence or absence of a Shh signaling stimulator, recombinant Shh (r-Shh) protein, or a Shh signaling inhibitor, cyclopamine. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to study the expression of EMT markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and vimentin) and osteonectin. The expression of Ki-67, Gli-1, osteonectin, and EMT markers in nephrectomy specimens from RCC patients was also measured by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. RESULTS: RCC cells showed enhanced cell proliferation by r-Shh protein, whereas cell proliferation was suppressed by the addition of cyclopamine in RenCa cells. Real-time RT-PCR showed that r-Shh suppressed the expression of E-cadherin and that this suppression was partly blocked by cyclopamine alone in RenCa cells. In the IHC results, osteonectin significantly correlated with vein sinus invasion (p=0.0218), and the expression of vimentin significantly correlated with lymphatic invasion (p=0.0392). CONCLUSIONS: Shh signaling and EMT play roles in RCC progression, and the Shh signaling inhibitor cyclopamine might be a possible molecular targeted therapeutic strategy for RCC.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cadherins , Carcinoma, Renal Cell , Cell Line , Cell Proliferation , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition , Hedgehogs , Nephrectomy , Osteonectin , Polymethacrylic Acids , Veins , Veratrum Alkaloids , VimentinABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To analyze predisposing factors and investigate the measures to fungemia.METHODS The clinical features,therapy and outcome of 17 patients with fungemia which happened from 1995 to 2004 were(retrospectively) reviewed.RESULTS The morbidity of fungemia was 5.52% in all septicemia in our hospital.Candida(tropicalis) and C.albicans were the major fungal species.There were 6 patients found cultured fungi on local(foci).Tracheotomy and mechanical ventilation (47.06%),indwelling urinary catheter(41.18%),indwelling(central) venous catheter and drainage tube(41.18%),persisted use of broad spectrum antibiotic(76.47%),(chemical) therapy(17.65%),admission to ICU(29.41%),and neutropenia(29.41%) might be the predisposing(factors).The mortality of fungemia was 70.59%.CONCLUSIONS The morbidity of non-C.albicans fungemia is(increasing),preemptic therapy should be begun earlier.Higher dose of fluconazole may be recommended in clinical usage.
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Objective To observe the expressions of Clara cell secretary protein (CC16) mRNA and protein in senile rats. Methods The histological changes, the level of CC16 mRNA in lung tissue and CC16 protein in terminal bronchioles and respiratory bronchioles were measured in 10 senile rats (at the age of 26 months) and compared with 7 young rats (aged 3 months). Results The epithelial cells lined up irregularly in respiratory bronchioles and mild emphysema were found in the senile group. Compared with young group,the level of CC16 mRNA was decreased[(0.08v1.71) vs (10. 02?4. 66) , P